8.2. Functions of the atmosphere

The main functions of the atmosphere are:

Activities:

1. Copy the dyagram in your notebook

2. Translate the diagram

8.1. composition and estructure of the atmosphere

The main atmospheric gases are:

  The structure of the atmosphere are:


Activities:
1. In wich layer of the atmosphere do meteorological phenomena such as rain and clouds occur?
2. Copy and complete the sentence: Atmospheric air is made up of 78% of ...... 21% of...... and other gases such as ......... and ...... .
3. Copy in your notebook the different layers in english.

7. La extinción de los dinosaurios

Aquí podéis dejar vuestra redacción sobre la extinción de los dinosaurios. Para empezar os dejo el enlace de un vídeo sobre el tema

5.2 The simplest invertebrates

Porifera

Porifera or sponges are aquatic animals and most of them are marine. They are attached to sand or rocks.

Cnidaria

Are aquatic animals and most of them are marine. For example, jellyfish,coral, sea anemones and hydra are cnidarian

Worms

The term worm includes animals with a soft, elongated body, without skeleton. The most important ones are platheyelminthes, nematodes and annelids.

ACTIVITIES:

1. Which of the following statements are true (T) and which are false (F)? 

1.  In oviparous animals, the egg develops inside the mother’s body. 
2.  Porifera live freely, floating on sea water. 
3.  Corals are porifera with the shape of a polyp and a skeleton. 
4.  Budding is a kind of sexual reproduction. 
5.  Cnidaria reproduce sexually and develop from eggs.
6.  In viviparous animals, the embryo develops inside the mother’s body. 
7.  Medusae are porifera without pores. 
8.  Swimming medusa have an umbrella shape. 
9.  Asexual reproduction happens through internal fertilization. 
10.  Porifera can reproduce sexually or asexually. 

2. Classify the next picture in platheyelmintes, nematodes or annelids:

  1

2

   3

5.1. The main characteristics of animals

Animals are aukaryotics and multicellular organisms. They usually have organs and systems that are highy developed and so they can perform their vital functions very efficiently.

Their vital functions are:

• Nutrition. They have organs that allow them to get large quantities of energy and nutrients.
• Interaction. They have sense organs, a nervous system and structures like legs, tentacles, wings....
• Reproduction: Animal reproduction can be asexual or sexual.

We can cassificate the animals in two big groups:

• Vertebrates. Have an internal skeleton with backbone.
• Invertebrates. Do not havean internal skeleton.

The main animals groups are:

http://www.edistribucion.es/anayaeducacion/8420042/SC1_UNI5/U05_01_EPI_01/05_1/index.html

1. Copy the diagram in your notebook, then click in the picture and do the exercise.

2. Write the meaning of: Backbone, skeleton and wing.

4.2 The kingdom funghi

Introduction to the kingdom of fungi.

There are about 40,000 different kinds of fungi.
These include:

*mushrooms
*moulds
*yeasts

Fungi are not green because they do not contain chlorophyll.
Because they are not green, fungi do not make their own food.

Most fungi feed on the remains of dead plants and animals.

Fungi are decomposers - they change dead things into a substance called humus.
Humus is rich in nutrients.
Soil rich in humus enables new strong plants to grow and provides a home for thousands of living things.

1. Why fungi are not plants?
2. Translate mushrooms, moulds and yeast an write a example of each one.

4.1 Ameba reproduction

1. What kingdom belong amebas?
2. What kind of reproduction is it?
3. What chacarteristics have this kind of reproduction?

3.1 The cells

A cell is the smallest unit of a living thing capable of performing the three vital functions: nutricion, interaction and reproduction.

Cells have some characteristics in common wich are allways present:

• Plasmatic membrane
• Cytoplasm
• DNA or genetic material

 TYPES OF CELLS

The cells can be classified into prokaryotic cells or eukaryotic cells

• Prokaryotic cells. Their DNA placed in the cytoplasm. It is the characteristic cell of Monera kingdom organisms (bacteria).
• Eukaryotic cells. Their DNA is placed inside a nucleus. It is the characteristic cell of protoctists, fungi, plants and animals.

Eukarytic cells have organelles and can be divided into animal eukaryotic cells and plant eukaryotic cells. Plant eukaryotic cells have exclusive organelles. This characteristic organelles in plant eukaryotic cells are choroplast and cellular wall.

ACTIVITIES

1) Write the three vital functions

2) Which are the exclusive organelles of plant eukaryotics cells?

3) What structures have in common all types of cells?

4) Copy all this information in your notebook

2.3 The Earth's spheres

This is the organization of the Earth in its differents layers

Copy the next concept map in your notebook

2.4 The Earth's spheres II

Read the texts about each layer of the Earth and answer the questions

 

Geosphere

Atmosphere



Biosphere

Hydrosphere

 Activities:

1) What layer of the Earth has more density?

2) Why is important the atmosphere for life?

3) Why is important the hydrosphere for life?